Herpes Simplex Encephalitis: A Case Report
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David Zahirović 1 * , Ema Dejhalla 2, Tina Zavidić 3 4
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1 Primorje-Gorski Kotar County Health Centers, Rijeka, Croatia
2 Medical Centre for Occupational Health, Rijeka, Croatia
3 Family Medicine Specialist, Istrian Health Centers, Pazin, Croatia
4 University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia
* Corresponding Author

Abstract

Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) is an acute or subacute illness associated with focal or global cerebral dysfunction. It is caused by herpes simplex viruses belonging to either type 1(HSV-1) or type 2(HSV-2). Most of HSVE is caused by HSV-1. The most common manifestations include encephalopathy, fever, seizures, headaches, and focal neurological deficits.
49-year-old patient who has diabetes mellitus type 1, first presented with a fever, followed by a generalized epileptic seizure. In the Emergency Room a lumbar puncture was performed, and HSV-1 was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid. MR of the brain concluded that the changes correspond to the changes within HSV-1 encephalitis with a smaller area of ​​hemorrhage. The patient was prescribed with acyclovir 3×10 mg/kg i.v. for three weeks. After antiviral therapy and glycemic control, the patient was discharged with antiepileptic, antihypertensive, antiulcer and antidiabetic drugs and indication to do a control EEG and infectologist exam with laboratory findings.
HSVE has high morbidity and mortality, and the treatment of choice is acyclovir therapy.

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Case Report

https://doi.org/10.29333/jcei/11831

J CLIN EXP INVEST, 2022 - Volume 13 Issue 2, Article No: em00796

Publication date: 03 Mar 2022

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